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ヨシダが選んだ「きょうのできごと特集号」
（きょうのできごと実績一覧表）
ウィキペディアからヨシダが選んだ １１月 ４日のできごと
ウィキペディア（日本語版）（１１月 ４日：「1922年 - ハワード・カーターがツタンカーメン王の墓の入口を発見。」
Wikipedia（English edition）(Nov. 4："1922 – In Egypt, British archaeologist Howard Carter and his men find the entrance to Tutankhamun's tomb in the Valley of the Kings."
The photos concerned:"1922 – British archaeologist Howard Carter and his men find the entrance to Tutankhamun's tomb in the Valley of the Kings."
The article concerned："1922 Archaeologists enter tomb of King Tut(HISTORY)"
(The 41-photo-attached file/256.76KB)
"1922 Archaeologists enter tomb of King Tut(HISTORY)"
In Egypt’s Valley of the Kings, British archaeologists Howard Carter and Lord Carnarvon become the first souls to enter King Tutankhamen’s tomb in more than 3,000 years. Tutankhamen’s sealed burial chambers were miraculously intact, and inside was a collection of several thousand priceless objects, including a gold coffin containing the mummy of the teenage king.
When Carter first arrived in Egypt, in 1891, most of the ancient Egyptian tombs had been discovered, and the majority of these had been hopelessly plundered by tomb raiders over the millennia. However, Carter was a brilliant excavator, and in the first years of the 20th century he discovered the tombs of Queen Hatshepsut and King Thutmose IV. Around 1907, he became associated with the Earl of Carnarvon, a collector of antiquities who commissioned Carter to supervise excavations in the Valley of the Kings. By 1913, most experts felt there was nothing in the Valley left to be uncovered. Carter, however, persisted in his efforts, convinced that the tomb of the little-known King Tutankhamen might still be found.
King Tutankhamen was enthroned in 1333 B.C. when he was still a child. He died a decade later at the age of 18 and thus made only a faint impression on the history of ancient Egypt. In the 13th century B.C., Tutankhamen and the other “Amarna” kings were publicly condemned, and most records of them were destroyed–including the location of Tutankhamen’s tomb. A century later, in the 12th century B.C., workers building a tomb for Ramses VI inadvertently covered Tutankhamen’s tomb with a deep layer of chips, further protecting it from future discovery.
After World War I, Carter began an intensive search for Tutankhamen’s tomb and on November 4, 1922, discovered a step leading to its entrance. Lord Carnarvon rushed to Egypt, and on November 23 they broke through a mud-brick door, revealing the passageway that led to Tutankhamen’s tomb. There was evidence that robbers had entered the structure at some point, and the archaeologists feared they had discovered yet another pillaged tomb. However, on November 26 they broke through another door, and Carter leaned in with a candle to take a look. Behind him, Lord Carnarvon asked, “Can you see anything?” Carter replied, “Yes, wonderful things.”
It was the antechamber of Tutankhamen’s tomb, and it was gloriously untouched. The dusty floor still showed the footprints of the tomb builders who left the room more than 3,000 years before. Apparently, the robbers who had broken into Tutankhamen’s tomb had done so soon after it was completed and were caught before moving into the interior chambers and causing serious damage.
Thus began a monumental excavation process in which Carter carefully explored the four-room tomb over several years, uncovering an incredible collection of several thousand objects. In addition to numerous pieces of jewelry and gold, there was statuary, furniture, clothes, a chariot, weapons, and numerous other objects that shed a brilliant light on the culture and history of ancient Egypt. The most splendid find was a stone sarcophagus containing three coffins nested within each other. Inside the final coffin, made out of solid gold, was the mummified body of the boy-king Tutankhamen, preserved for 3,200 years. Most of these treasures are now housed in the Cairo Museum.
１１月 ４日- 1598年（慶長3年10月6日） - 慶長の役・第二次蔚山城の戦い終結:蔚山城近郊に布陣していた明・朝鮮軍が退却する。
- 1737年 - サン・カルロ劇場が開場。
- 1783年 - モーツァルトの『交響曲第36番』が初演。この日の演奏会のために4日間で作曲。
- 1852年 - カミッロ・カヴールがサルデーニャ王国首相に就任。
- 1869年 - イギリスの総合学術誌『ネイチャー』が創刊。
- 1887年 - 大阪府から分離して奈良県を再置。
- 1918年 - 第一次世界大戦: イタリア戦線の停戦協定が発効し、イタリアがオーストリア・ハンガリー帝国に勝利。
- 1919年 - ギリシャ国王アレクサンドロス1世が平民の娘アスパシア・マノスと結婚し、パリへ駆け落ち。
- 1921年 - 原敬暗殺事件。
- 1921年 - ナチスの突撃隊 (SA) が発足。
- 1922年 - ハワード・カーターがツタンカーメン王の墓の入口を発見。
- 1924年 - 前知事夫人のネリー・ロスがワイオミング州知事選挙に当選。アメリカ初の女性州知事となる。
- 1946年 - ユネスコ憲章が発効し、国連教育科学文化機関（ユネスコ）発足。
- 1946年 - 中華民国外交部長王世杰、条約司司長王化成と、アメリカの駐華大使スチュアート、総領事スミスが中米友好通商航海条約（中米商約）を南京で締結する。
- 1952年 - アメリカ国家安全保障局設立。
- 1952年 - 1952年アメリカ合衆国大統領選挙で共和党のドワイト・D・アイゼンハワーが当選。
- 1955年 - 第二次世界大戦中に爆撃で破壊されたウィーン国立歌劇場が再建。
- 1956年 - ハンガリー動乱: ソ連軍が首都・ブダペストを制圧し、親ソ派のカダル政権が成立。
- 1962年 - 島倉千代子援護会事務所に爆発物が届き1人負傷。一連の草加次郎事件の最初の事件。
- 1970年 - アメリカで、13歳まで部屋に監禁されていたジーニーが発見される。
- 1979年 - イランアメリカ大使館人質事件が発生。1981年1月に人質が解放。
- 1979年 - プロ野球日本シリーズで広島が近鉄を破り、初の日本一に。（江夏の21球）
- 1980年 - 1980年アメリカ合衆国大統領選挙で共和党のロナルド・レーガンが当選。
- 1980年 - 読売ジャイアンツの王貞治が現役引退。
- 1988年 - アメリカに国立生物工学情報センター設立。
- 1989年 - オウム真理教による坂本堤弁護士一家殺害事件。
- 1993年 - 中華航空605便オーバーラン事故
- 1995年 - イスラエルのテルアビブでイツハク・ラビン首相が暗殺。
- 1996年 - 大川寺遊園（富山県富山市）の営業が終了。
- 2000年 - 宮城県の上高森遺跡などで発掘された石器が捏造であったこと発覚。（旧石器捏造事件）
- 2002年 - 中国国務院総理朱鎔基がプノンペンの第六次首脳会談でASEAN10ヶ国とともにACFTA（中国ASEAN自由貿易協定）を締結する。
- 2003年 - 1976年の観測開始以来最大の太陽フレアが発生。人工衛星や宇宙探査機などに影響が出る。
- 2008年 - 2008年アメリカ合衆国大統領選挙でバラク・オバマがアフリカ系アメリカ人初のアメリカ合衆国大統領に当選。
- 2016年 - 気候変動に関するパリ協定が発効する。
- 2017年 - サウジアラビア、推計1000億ドル（約11兆3000億円）に上る横領と汚職の嫌疑で王子11人を含む数十人あまりを拘束[1]。
- 1429 – Armagnac–Burgundian Civil War: Joan of Arc liberates Saint-Pierre-le-Moûtier.
- 1501 – Catherine of Aragon (later Henry VIII's first wife) meets Arthur Tudor, Henry VIII's older brother – they would later marry.
- 1576 – Eighty Years' War: In Flanders, Spain captures Antwerp (after three days the city is nearly destroyed).
- 1677 – The future Mary II of England marries William, Prince of Orange; they later jointly reign as William and Mary.
- 1737 – The Teatro di San Carlo, the oldest working opera house in Europe, is inaugurated in Naples, Italy.
- 1780 – The Rebellion of Túpac Amaru II against Spanish rule in the Viceroyalty of Peru begins.
- 1783 – Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart's Symphony No. 36 is performed for the first time in Linz, Austria.
- 1791 – The Western Confederacy of American Indians wins a major victory over the United States in the Battle of the Wabash.
- 1798 – Beginning of the Russo-Ottoman siege of Corfu.
- 1839 – Newport Rising: The last large-scale armed rebellion against authority in mainland Britain.
- 1847 – Sir James Young Simpson, a Scottish physician, discovers the anaesthetic properties of chloroform.
- 1852 – Camillo Benso, Count of Cavour becomes the prime minister of Piedmont-Sardinia, which soon expands to become Italy.
- 1864 – American Civil War: Battle of Johnsonville: Confederate troops bombard a Union supply base and destroy millions of dollars in material.
- 1868 – Camagüey, Cuba revolts against Spain during the Ten Years' War.
- 1890 – City and South London Railway: London's first deep-level tube railway opens between King William Street and Stockwell.
- 1918 – World War I: The Armistice of Villa Giusti between Italy and Austria-Hungary is implemented.
- 1921 – The Saalschutz Abteilung (hall defense detachment) of the Nazi Party is renamed the Sturmabteilung (storm detachment) after a large riot in Munich.
- 1921 – Japanese Prime Minister Hara Takashi is assassinated in Tokyo.
- 1922 – In Egypt, British archaeologist Howard Carter and his men find the entrance to Tutankhamun's tomb in the Valley of the Kings.
- 1924 – Nellie Tayloe Ross of Wyoming is elected the first female governor in the United States.
- 1939 – World War II: U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt orders the United States Customs Service to implement the Neutrality Act of 1939, allowing cash-and-carry purchases of weapons by belligerents.
- 1942 – World War II: Second Battle of El Alamein: Disobeying a direct order by Adolf Hitler, General Field Marshal Erwin Rommel leads his forces on a five-month retreat.
- 1944 – World War II: Bitola Liberation Day
- 1952 – The United States government establishes the National Security Agency, or NSA.
- 1956 – Soviet troops enter Hungary to end the Hungarian revolution against the Soviet Union, that started on October 23. Thousands are killed, more are wounded, and nearly a quarter million leave the country.
- 1960 – At the Kasakela Chimpanzee Community in Tanzania, Dr Jane Goodall observes chimpanzees creating tools, the first-ever observation in non-human animals.
- 1962 – The United States concludes Operation Fishbowl, its final above-ground nuclear weapons testing series, in anticipation of the 1963 Partial Nuclear Test Ban Treaty.
- 1966 – The Arno River floods Florence, Italy, to a maximum depth of 6.7 m (22 ft), leaving thousands homeless and destroying millions of masterpieces of art and rare books. Also Venice was submerged on the same day at its record all-time acqua alta of 194 cm.
- 1970 – Vietnam War: Vietnamization: The United States turns control of the air base at Bình Thủy in the Mekong Delta over to South Vietnam.
- 1970 – Salvador Allende takes office as President of Chile, the first Marxist to become president of a Latin American country through open elections.
- 1973 – The Netherlands experiences the first Car-Free Sunday caused by the 1973 oil crisis. Highways are used only by cyclists and roller skaters.
- 1979 – Iran hostage crisis: A mob of Iranians, mostly students, overruns the US embassy in Tehran and takes 90 hostages (53 of whom are American).
- 1980 – Ronald Reagan is elected the 40th President of The United States, defeating incumbent Jimmy Carter.
- 1993 – China Airlines Flight 605, a brand new 747-400, overruns the runway at Kai Tak Airport.
- 1995 – Israeli prime minister Yitzhak Rabin is assassinated by an extremist Israeli.
- 2002 – Chinese authorities arrest cyber-dissident He Depu for signing a pro-democracy letter to the 16th Communist Party Congress.
- 2008 – Barack Obama becomes the first person of biracial or African-American descent to be elected President of the United States.
- 2010 – Aero Caribbean Flight 883 crashes into Guasimal, Sancti Spíritus. All 68 passengers and crew were killed.
- 2010 – Qantas Flight 32, an Airbus A380, suffers an uncontained engine failure over Indonesia shortly after taking off from Singapore, crippling the jet. The crew manage to safely return to Singapore, saving all 469 passengers and crew.
- 2015 – A cargo plane crashes shortly after takeoff from Juba International Airport in Juba, South Sudan, killing 37 people.
- 2015 – A building collapses in the Pakistani city of Lahore resulting in at least 45 deaths, at least 100 injured.